Two-Century-Old Quran Manuscript Showcased At The Islamic Arts Biennale In Jeddah

The Islamic Arts Biennale's second edition in Jeddah showcased a remarkable Quranic manuscript, blending Arabic calligraphy with Islamic art. Organised by the Diriyah Biennale Foundation at King Abdulaziz International Airport's Western Hajj Terminal, the event allowed visitors to appreciate rare Islamic art collections. Among these treasures, a unique Quran crafted nearly two centuries ago stood out, designated as a waqf for the Prophet’s Mosque.

This monumental Quran originated from northern India and was transcribed by Ghulam Mohiuddin on 6th Muharram, 1240 AH ( AD). Known for his piety, Mohiuddin distributed hand-written Quran parts to those in need. He used Naskh script in black ink, with Persian translations in red Nastaliq script, reflecting Indian subcontinent calligraphic traditions of that era.

The Quran's large dimensions, 139.7 × 77.5 cm, and its pages adorned with gold and deep-coloured pigments make it exceptional. Its cover was originally made of gilded leather and embellished with gemstones like rubies, emeralds, turquoise, and peridot. This exquisite craftsmanship highlights the rich Islamic heritage encapsulated in this manuscript.

Historical records reveal that this manuscript reached Madinah in the mid-13th century AH. It was initially placed near Bab As-Salam (As-Salam Gate) before being moved to the Prophet’s Mosque treasury during restoration work in 1273 AH (1857 AD). The manuscript's journey reflects the tradition of patrons donating precious manuscripts to Makkah and Madinah.

In 1302 AH (1884 AD), Hajj Yusuf bin Hajj Masoom Nemankani rebound the Quran. A scholar from Uzbekistan skilled in manuscript arts, he settled in Madinah and contributed to preserving this valuable piece. Today, it is housed at the King Abdulaziz Complex for Endowment Libraries in Madinah.

Preservation and Display

This rare Quran attracts researchers and visitors at the Biennale due to its historical significance and artistic beauty. It stands as a testament to Islamic arts' greatness and enduring history of generosity across time. The exhibition offers a glimpse into past eras' splendour through such treasured artifacts.

The manuscript's preservation ensures future generations can appreciate its craftsmanship and cultural importance. Its display at the Biennale underscores the ongoing efforts to celebrate and document Islamic art's rich legacy.

With inputs from SPA