Unveiling The Past: The Rich History Of Al-Okhdood Archaeological Site In Najran

A journey to Al-Okhdood archaeological site in Najran, southern Saudi Arabia, offers a captivating exploration through centuries of history. This ancient site, once the bustling city of Najran, played a crucial role as a center of civilization and a key stop on the historic Arabian trade route. The layout of the city, with its 235-meter-long and 220-meter-wide fortified wall, showcases the architectural prowess of the southern Arabian Peninsula. Among the ruins, the fort stands out, dating back to the 1st century BC and marking the zenith of the settlement's prosperity.

Within the fort's confines, visitors can observe various structures' remnants, some better preserved than others. The lower sections feature carved stone blocks forming impressive facades, while archaeological mounds outside the fort reveal foundations made of stone and mudbrick. Since 1979, the Saudi Ministry of Culture's Heritage Commission has conducted thorough surveys and excavations at Al-Okhdood, uncovering numerous architectural units and a diverse collection of artifacts that include pottery vessels and intricately carved vessels made of soapstone and sandstone.

One of the most significant finds within the site was the region's oldest mosque, discovered alongside a clay jar filled with silver coins. This discovery, among others like gold rings with butterfly-shaped settings, underscores Al-Okhdood's historical and archaeological importance. Professor Awad Al-Asiri from Najran University highlights that Al-Okhdood was recognized as the original location of Najran before its relocation in the 4th century AH. Inscriptions dating back to 680 BC provide evidence of the city's long-standing significance.

Al-Okhdood's allure has attracted European travelers such as Joseph Halévy, John Philby, and Philippe Lippens over the years. Their documented explorations and translated works contribute to understanding this site's enduring legacy. According to Naif Musallam, CEO of Najran Society for History and Archaeology, recent discoveries trace Najran civilization back to the Upper Paleolithic period. The city thrived as a commercial hub in the 1st millennium BC and has seen continuous settlement throughout history.

Today, Al-Okhdood stands as more than just a historical site; it is seen as a potential driver for future development. Its unique cultural and historical significance makes it an important tourist attraction that could foster creativity and contribute to economic and cultural growth in line with Saudi Vision 2030 goals.

With inputs from SPA