Exploring The Rich History Of Othman Bin Affan Mosque Through Archaeological Finds

The Jeddah Historic District Program recently shared insights from the archaeological excavations at Othman bin Affan Mosque, marking a significant phase in the Archaeology Project in Historic Jeddah. These findings shed light on the mosque's extensive history, revealing artefact fragments that trace back nearly 1,200 years.

According to the details provided, the mosque has seen numerous renovations and reconstructions throughout its existence. The most recent structure was erected in the late 20th century (14th century AH), adhering to the traditional architectural style prevalent in the region's mosques at that time. This style typically features an open courtyard leading into a roofed prayer hall. Despite various changes over the centuries, the mosque's size, orientation, and mihrab niche have remained largely consistent.

One notable aspect of the mosque's evolution is the transition in flooring styles. Initially featuring clay tile and plaster, the flooring eventually shifted to flagstone, which was in use for about 400 years. During renovations, the floor level was often raised, with flagstone flooring being reused until the early 20th century AD.

Additionally, the excavations uncovered an underground cistern system beneath the mosque. These cisterns, filled with crystal-clear water and sealed for almost 800 years, highlight historic Jeddah's innovative solutions to water scarcity. The presence of such cisterns underscores the city's architectural ingenuity in addressing practical needs.

The archaeological efforts have unearthed thousands of artefacts, offering a glimpse into the mosque's rich history. Among these finds are fragments of Chinese blue and white porcelain from the 11th century AH (17th century AD) and Celadon ware from the 4th-6th century AH (11th-13th century AD), known for its soft green-grey glaze. Some of the earliest artefacts discovered include glazed pottery pieces dating back to the 3rd-4th century AH (9th-10th century AD), showcasing a variety of colors such as white, green, and yellow.

This excavation project not only highlights the historical significance of Othman bin Affan Mosque but also contributes to our understanding of Jeddah's cultural and architectural heritage. The findings from this project provide invaluable insights into the mosque's enduring legacy and its role within the broader historical context of Jeddah.

With inputs from SPA