Exploring The Rich Heritage Of Othman Bin Affan Mosque Through Archaeological Finds

The Jeddah Historic District Program recently shared insights from the archaeological excavations at Othman bin Affan Mosque, marking a significant phase in the Archaeology Project in Historic Jeddah. These findings shed light on the mosque's extensive history, revealing artefact fragments that trace back nearly 1,200 years. This discovery underscores the mosque's enduring presence and the various architectural transformations it has undergone through centuries.

According to the details provided, the mosque has seen numerous renovations and reconstructions since its inception. Notably, its latest renovation occurred in the late 20th century (14th century AH), adopting a modern design. However, all previous architectural phases adhered to the traditional mosque design prevalent in the region, featuring an open courtyard leading into a roofed prayer hall. Despite these changes, key elements like the mosque's size, orientation, and mihrab niche have remained consistent over a millennium.

The excavation revealed that flooring styles within the mosque evolved over time, transitioning from clay tile and plaster to flagstone, which was in use for about 400 years. The floor level was raised during various renovations, with flagstone flooring being reused until the early 20th century AD. Another significant finding was the discovery of an underground cistern system beneath the mosque, a common feature in historic Jeddah due to the city's limited water resources. These cisterns, filled with crystal-clear water, have been preserved untouched for almost 800 years.

Among the archaeological treasures unearthed were fragments of Chinese blue and white porcelain from the 11th century AH (17th century AD) and Celadon ware from the 4th-6th century AH (11th-13th century AD), known for its soft green-grey glaze. Some of the earliest artefacts discovered include pieces of white, green, and yellow glazed pottery dating back to the 3rd-4th century AH (9th-10th century AD), offering a glimpse into the mosque's rich historical tapestry.

This excavation not only highlights the architectural evolution of Othman bin Affan Mosque but also enriches our understanding of Jeddah's historical landscape. The artefacts found provide invaluable insights into the cultural exchanges and technological advancements of past eras, painting a vivid picture of life in historic Jeddah.

With inputs from SPA