Dengue Fever: Aster Clinic Expert Shares Tips To Prevent The Mosquito-Borne Infection
Dengue fever, a viral infection caused by the dengue virus, is a growing concern globally. Besides, doctors and hospitals in the UAE are also bracing for infections like typhoid and dengue after the heavy rains. So, how do you protect your family from these deadly diseases? Dr. Bushra Aysha, General Practitioner at Aster Clinic Bur Dubai (AJMC), shares tips and preventive measures to ward off Dengue fever and stay healthy.
What Is Dengue?
Dengue is transmitted through the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This mosquito species becomes a carrier of the virus after an incubation period of 8 to 12 days, posing a risk to humans through a single bite. The complexity of the virus, with its four distinct strains, further complicates the battle against this disease.
One of the most challenging aspects of combating dengue fever is its often-silent nature. In over 90% of cases, individuals may not exhibit symptoms or only show signs mild enough to be mistaken for the common cold. However, in severe instances, the infection can escalate to dengue hemorrhagic fever, a more dangerous form that necessitates immediate medical intervention, including fluid replacement, pain relievers, oral rehydration salts, and potentially, blood transfusions.
"Though infection is mild to moderate most of the time, cases can be severe and fatal occasionally. Severe symptoms (red flag) are followed by fever, severe vomiting, rapid breathing, bleeding gums/ nose, blood in vomiting/stool, severe pain abdomen, restlessness, and fatigue," said doctor Dr. Bushra Aysha, General Practitioner, Aster Clinic.
Symptoms And Treatment
Initially, a dengue virus infection might not present any symptoms in over 90% of cases, or it may result in mild symptoms that are often confused with those of the common cold. Symptoms usually emerge 4 to 10 days after the mosquito bite, beyond the virus's incubation period. However, a subsequent infection with a different DENV strain can lead to severe dengue fever, also known as dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Upon a confirmed diagnosis, medical professionals aim to alleviate symptoms and restore the patient's health swiftly. The treatment regimen may include:
* Fluids Replacement: For patients experiencing significant fluid loss, persistent vomiting, or diarrhea, low blood pressure post-febrile phase, lack of appetite, or refusal to consume food or water, administering fluids or saline solution intravenously may be necessary.
* Pain Relievers: Medications such as paracetamol or acetaminophen may be prescribed to reduce fever and relieve muscle and joint pain.
* ORS-Oral Rehydration Salt: This may be provided to replenish lost bodily fluids and prevent dehydration.
* Blood Transfusion: In severe cases where there's significant internal organ hemorrhage or bleeding through menstruation, vomiting, or bowel movements, a blood transfusion may be critical to prevent shock from blood loss.
Preventive Measures
Eliminate Mosquito Breeding Sites
One effective way to prevent dengue is by eliminating stagnant water around your home. Objects such as tires, flower pots, and pet water bowls can become breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Regularly emptying and cleaning these items can significantly reduce the mosquito population. "Stagnant water is biggest breeding site for mosquitoes. So, ensure you get rid of these in and around your home," advices Dr. Aysha.
Secure Your Living Spaces
Mosquitoes often enter homes through open windows or doors. Ensuring that your house is well-screened and all openings are securely closed can prevent their entry. Since mosquitoes are most active from dawn to dusk, keeping windows and doors shut during these hours is crucial.
Use Mosquito Repellents
Applying mosquito repellents on exposed skin can deter mosquitoes from biting. This is particularly important in areas with high mosquito populations. For added protection, consider using mosquito patches, bands, and wipes, especially for children and infants. "Some simple measures such as wearing clothes that cover your body as much as possible will protect you from bites and infections. Using mosquito nets, well-sealed window screens, mosquito repellents, coils, and vaporizers are also recommended," says Dr. Aysha.
Opt For Protective Clothing
When in dengue-prone areas, wearing long-sleeved shirts, pants, socks, and covered shoes can provide a physical barrier against mosquito bites. This simple measure can significantly reduce your risk of getting bitten.
Use Mosquito Nets
Sleeping under a mosquito net offers an additional layer of protection, especially during sleep when you are most vulnerable to mosquito bites. This is an effective strategy to safeguard against mosquito-borne diseases.
Avoid Water Accumulation
Prevent water from stagnating around your home. Regularly check and empty flower pots, pet water bowls, and any other containers that can hold water. Ensuring that septic tanks and water pipes are well-maintained and covered can also help reduce mosquito breeding sites.
Maintain A Ventilated Home
Mosquitoes are attracted to dark and damp areas. By keeping your home well-lit and ventilated, you can make it less inviting to mosquitoes. Lighting camphor in your room for about 30 minutes every other day can help eliminate pests.
Plan Your Outings Wisely
Exposure to mosquitoes isn't limited to your home. Outdoor activities, especially in humid or rainy conditions, can increase the risk of dengue fever. Plan your outings carefully, considering the weather, and always carry mosquito repellent products with you.
Adopting these preventive measures can significantly help reduce the risk of dengue fever. By being proactive and taking simple steps to avoid mosquito bites and breeding, individuals can protect themselves and their families from this potentially serious disease.
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